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Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is a challenging disease process with high mortality. Airway pressure release ventilation(APRV) has been shown to potentially protect against development of ARDS. 

Methods: Observational study of all ventilated patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit(SICU) at a single, tertiary center. Patients were assigned to APRV or conventional ventilation(CV). ARDS was defined using the Berlin definition. Primary outcomes included development of ARDS between ventilation modalities, ability of APRV to protect against ARDS in septic patients and ability of APRV to decrease mortality. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.

Results: 268 total patients enrolled. 141(52.6%) developed ARDS. 119(44.4%) patients were on APRV and 149(55.6%) were on CV. ARDS development was not statistically different between these two cohorts(p=0.732). 108(40.3%) patients were septic with 49(45.4%) on APRV and 59(54.6%) on CV. 33(67.3%) of APRV and 37(62.7%) of CV septic patients developed ARDS suggesting APRV is not protective against development of ARDS in this cohort(p=0.616). APRV use did not protect against 30-day mortality with rates of 53.5% versus 46.5% for patients on APRV versus CV respectively(p=0.191).

Conclusion: APRV does not appear to be protective against development of ARDS, even in septic patients. APRV is not superior to CV in decreasing mortality.

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major complication of diabetes worldwide. Diabetic condition can be also complicated by diabetic dyslipidemia. The prevalence of CKD Cameroon, Africa or in other parts of the world of diabetics is not clearly estimated but, some studies tried to estimate prevalences in local areas or isolated zones. In addition, assessment of both prevelances of CKD and diabetic dyslipidaemia are not well documented. The present study is aimed at estimating the prevalence of CKD and diabetic dyslipidaemia in diabetic patients in Buea, Cameroon. Methodology: This was a cross-section study conducted at the diabetic clinic of Buea Regional Hospital and the Lambe Foundation for diabetes and hypertension in Buea, South-West Region of Cameroon. Result and Discussion: Out of 120 diabetics enrolled, 63.33% were females. 53.33% were hypertensive, 74.16% overweight and obese and, 32.50% presented real obesity. The mean of eGFR was 92.76 ml/min/1.73m2 and, woman presented the lower value (89.55±43.49ml/min/1.73m2) compared to men (98.37±87.43 ml/min/1.73m2) (X2= 0.107; P = 0.466). The prevalence of CKD was 70.83% and the stage 2 was the high prevalent (36.60%). 20.83% presented CKD from stage 3 to 5. The prevalence of micro- albuminuria was 30% and macro-albuminuria was prevalent at 3.33%. Diabetic dyslipidaemia affected about half of the study population with a prevalence of 48.9%. The co-affection micro-albuminuria and diabetic dyslipidaemia was observed in 16.66% of the population individuals, against 2.50% for the co- affection macro-albuminuria and diabetic dyslipidaemia. The prevalence of diabetic dyslipidaemia among diabetic with CKD was 39.16% (X2=0.118).
Conclusion: This study shown the high prevalence of CKD in diabetics and, was the first to assess the prevalences of both CKD and diabetic dyslipidaemia in diabetic Cameroonians. The findings advice on the assessment of the complications of diabetes in Cameroon in order to estimate, in more large population, risk factors and pattern of diabetic dyslipidaemia and CKD in diabetic Cameroonian. 

Introduction new research suggests that calcium and vitamin D supplements may be useful in preventing weight gain during menopause. Women going through menopause often experience unusual weight gain, especially around the abdomen, which can be a risk factor for other health problems, such as heart diseases .So we aimed to assess the influence of ca and vitamin d on the anthropometric measurements in preimenopausal overweight and obesity females, in the fitness club at Zagazig University.

Material and methods; This was a interventional study conducted for three months on 146 women who fulfilled the selection criteria and randomly allocated in the studied groups each group was 73 females participating in the weight loss program (balanced low caloric diet with planned exercise program ) alone (control group ),or with ca and vitamin d supplement (supplement group ) .for quantitative data analysis a student t test was used .

Results, the studied groups aged around 45.7 years (38-50), showed no significant difference (p>0.05) as regards all the demographic variables and anthropometric measurements before the intervention. After the intervention, there was a statistical significant reduction in the WC, body Wt., and BMI at the supplement group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions, Ca and vitamin d is very important component in the weight reduction programs for perimenopausal women and for heathy menopause.